IoT devices are not secure with a singular password. They need a more robust, multi-layered security strategy to avoid cyberattackers, writes April Miller, Managing Editor at ReHack Magazine. Commercial and professional IoT devices are becoming more mainstream, yet the cybersecurity measures are lacking. Multiple connected devices can become more vulnerable to hackers without strong security.
The Problem with Passwords
Traditional passwords are often not secure enough for technological devices or systems. Many consumers use the default password that comes with the system rather than changing it to a more secure one. When people update their passwords, they often choose weak ones that are easy for cyberattackers to crack.
The volume of IoT devices makes manual password management inefficient and risky. A primary threat is the lack of encryption as data travels between networks. When multiple devices are connected, encryption is key to protecting information. Another threat is poor network segmentation, which means connected devices are misconfigured or less secure. Having one device at risk puts all connected devices at risk. Sometimes, IoT devices use information without the user’s explicit consent, further limiting security measures.
Modern IoT attacks
Due to traditional passwords and other weak security methods, modern IoT attacks are advanced and numerous. When the network is insecure, hackers can get in more easily. If the data is not encrypted, attackers can steal and potentially sell it. Another attack occurs when users have insecure default settings on their devices, which broadens the attack surface.
Bottlenecks occur when data slowly transfers through a system, often halting due to excessive or improper data distribution. As the information sits between networks, it is more vulnerable to cyberattacks. These modern IoT attacks are dangerous, so devices require a holistic security approach to address common risks and prevent security breaches.
Alternatives to traditional passwords
To move beyond traditional passwords, consumers can explore robust strategies for defending IoT devices against attacks.
Multi-Factor Authentication
Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) is when devices have multiple methods for logging in beyond the traditional password. Often, devices require a password and then send a code via email or SMS to further verify that it is the actual user logging in. Around 99.9% of accounts that experience security breaches lack MFA, so setting it up is essential for security.
Public Key Cryptography
Public key cryptography is another viable security method. IoT devices may require two keys for login. The private key decrypts data after it travels through a system, whereas a public key encrypts data as it moves to reduce vulnerability. Utilising both keys allows for sharing among devices without significant security concerns. Traditional passwords also become obsolete with this strategy.
Zero Trust
Adopting a zero-trust methodology is a better cybersecurity measure than traditional password-based systems. IoT devices can still require a password, but the system may ask for additional information to verify the user’s authorization. Users can set up passkeys, security questions or other methods as the next step after entering a password. A zero-trust policy ensures that only authorized users gain access by treating everyone as an attacker.
Data Prioritisation
To avoid bottlenecks, users can prioritize data as it moves between devices. Setting up a system that assigns data to high or low priority ensures that sensitive information travels quickly through the network, while lower-priority data transmits slowly. Slow-moving data is more vulnerable to cyberattacks, so slowing the journey of the least sensitive information takes the pressure off the important data.
Automation
When handling multiple IoT devices simultaneously, it can be tough to manage their cybersecurity. Traditional passwords can seem like a viable solution to put the duty on individuals, but automating IoT security systems can improve them at scale. Automation enables centralized security control, making it easier to secure IoT devices en masse, especially in the event of a breach.
Setup and Updates
To further enhance security, users can implement more robust configurations during setup and enable continuous updates. After purchasing a device, consumers should ensure the setup process is secure from viruses or data poisoning that automatically weakens the device before they use it. Additionally, consumers must continuously update the device to detect vulnerabilities and remain protected with the newest cybersecurity technology.
The Complicated Role of AI
AI can be used both offensively and defensively in cybersecurity for IoT devices. Hackers use AI to launch advanced attacks, but users can also implement AI to detect suspicious behaviour and address threats. Consumers can purchase AI security systems to safeguard their IoT devices beyond passwords, but they must remain vigilant and continuously monitor their usage to prevent cyberattackers from infiltrating them.
Ensure Secure IoT Devices
Traditional passwords alone are weak to cybersecurity threats. Employing MFA, public key cryptography, zero trust, data prioritization and regular updates can more effectively secure IoT devices, reducing the risk of a security breach. Proactively incorporate cybersecurity measures into devices to avoid issues later.
Author Biography:
April Miller is Managing Editor at ReHack Magazine, based in South Carolina, USA.
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